Frontinus also wrote a theoretical treatise on military science, which is lost. Frontinus succeeded Petillius Cerealis as Britain's governor. Little of Julius's life is known and all dates are uncertain. Distribution of the water depended in a complex way on its height entering the city, the quality of the water, and its rate of discharge. [4] From the nomenclature of the name of Publius Calvisius Ruso Julius Frontinus (consul c. 84), it is likely Frontinus had a sister, who was the other's mother. Updates? Thus, poor-quality water would be sent for irrigation, gardens, or flushing, while only the best would be reserved for drinking water. The authenticity of the fourth book has been challenged. In honor of that legacy, we derive our name from Sextus Julius Frontinus (35-103 AD), the public servant, military general, and innovator who was appointed by the emperor to head Rome’s water commission. By signing up for this email, you are agreeing to news, offers, and information from Encyclopaedia Britannica. His treatise De re militari (“On Military Matters”) is lost. Found Data: [ { "contributor": "VIAF", "form": "authorizedForm" } ] Note: Contributors from initial SNAC EAC-CPF ingest Frontinus describes the quality of water delivered by each, mainly depending on their source, be it river, lake, or spring. He was especially concerned by diversion of the supply by unscrupulous farmers and tradesmen, among many others. Sextus Julius Frontinus Iuli Frontini Strategematon Liber Primus. He subdued the Silures, and held the other native tribes in … Sextus Julius Frontinus Frontinus, Sextus Julius Frontinus (? He assisted Quintus Petillius Cerialis in suppressing the Gallic revolt of Gaius Julius Civilis, receiving the surrender of 70,000 Lingones, a Gallic tribe. While governor of Britain, he subjugated the Silures of South Wales and is thought to have likewise campaigned against the Brigantes. His extant work on military matters, the Stratagems (Latin: Strategemata), is a collection of examples of military stratagems from Greek and Roman history, for the use of generals. Frontinus seems to have been of patrician descent, and his writings indicate that he had some knowledge of Alexandrian mathematics. Pliny the Younger called him one of the two most respected men of his day. He, therefore, made a meticulous survey of the intake and the supply of each line, and then investigated the discrepancies. Sextus Julius Frontinus (c. 40 – 103 AD) was a prominent Roman civil engineer, author, and politician of the late 1st century AD. [3] He died in 103 or 104, a date based on Pliny the Younger writing to his friends that he was elected to the college of augurs to fill the vacancy Frontinus' death had created. Frontinus was urban praetor (a high-ranking magistrate) in Rome in ad 70. His Strategematicon libri iii is a collection of examples of military stratagems from Greek and Roman history; a fourth book, the plan and style of which is different from the rest (more stress is laid on the moral aspects of war, such as discipline), was probably written by him, although not all modern scholars agree. Full text of "The two books on the water supply of the city of Rome of Sextus Julius Frontinus, water commissioner of the city of Rome A.D. 97: a photographic reproduction of the sole original Latin manuscript, and its reprint in Latin; also a translation into English, and … Approximately 22 years later, he was appointed superintendent of the aqueducts in Rome. Sextus Julius Frontinus >The Roman magistrate, soldier, and engineer Sextus Julius Frontinus (ca. Julius called himself a native of Jerusalem – which some scholars consider his birthplace – and lived at the neighbouring Emmaus. 104) is known primarily as a technical writer. A novus homo, he was consul three times. A novus homo, he was consul three times. >35-ca. Then, when the enemy were in a panic from the sudden flood, he had them slain by men whom he had stationed in ambush for this very purpose. He was well aware of the seminal work De Architectura by Vitruvius, which mentions aqueduct construction and maintenance published in the previous century; Frontinus refers to the possible influence of Vitruvius on the plumbers.[7]. Frontinus, Sextus Julius Frontinus (? writings of Frontinus and Vitruvius. Frontinus ( 40≈ †103÷104) Sextus Julius Frontinus (c. 40 – 103 AD) was one of the most distinguished Roman senators of the late 1st century AD. The standard edition of the Latin text of Frontinus' major work, with extensive commentary in English, is now R.H. Rodgers, Rodgers has published his English translation online, An English translation by Charles E. Bennet, edited by Mary B. McElwain, has been published in the, A translation by Herschel is useful for his commentary on the engineering aspects of the. Frontinus’s De aquis provides complete technical details on the aqueducts of Rome, along with their history and the regulations governing their use. Roman roads enabled commodities and other goods from interior estates to be transported to coastal ports for shipment to the capital, and also provided an efficient network for moving its legions among the growing roster of provincial Birley believes it "is fair to speculate" that Frontinus was with Domitian during the German campaign of 83. Frontinus's chief work is De aquaeductu, in two books, an official report to the emperor on the state of the aqueducts of Rome. 35-c. 103 Roman governor of Britain water commissioner, and author of a book on the history and technical details of Rome's aqueducts. The Roman magistrate, soldier, and engineer Sextus Julius Frontinus (ca. [8] Our editors will review what you’ve submitted and determine whether to revise the article. The aqueducts above ground needed care to ensure that the masonry was kept in good condition, especially those running on arched superstructures. It presents a history and description of the water-supply of Rome, including the laws relating to its use and maintenance. Intermediate-quality water would be used for the many baths and fountains. u .70-ben praetor urbanus (Tac. Sextus Julius Frontinus (c. 40 – 103 AD) was a prominent Roman civil engineer, author, soldier and senator of the late 1st century AD. By SEXTUS JULIUS FRONTINUS (97 AD) Translated by Clemens Herschel (1899); published by New England Water Works Association, Boston, MA 1973 INASMUCH as every office conferred by the emperor demands especial attention; and inasmuch as I am moved not only to devote diligence, but even love to any matter confided to my care, be it on account of (Sextus Iulius Frontinus) pref. The works of Sextus Julius Frontinus emphasised the importance of the choice of the battle ground and the orientation of the army formation. He is best known to the post-Classical world as an author of technical treatises, especially De aquaeductu, dealing with the aqueducts of Rome. A novus homo, he was consul three times. Blackman, Deane R., Hodge, A. Trevor (2001). The senator Sextus Julius Frontinus from the 1st century AD explained in detail how the aqueducts worked. He was a successful general under Domitian, commanding forces in Roman Britain, and on the Rhine and Danube frontiers. He was a successful general under Domitian, commanding forces in Roman Britain, and on the Rhine and Danube frontiers. James is a graduate from Vega School of Brand Leadership specialising in Multimedia Design and Brand Communications. Just published: Conference Proceedings "DE AQUAEDUCTU URBIS ROMAE - SEXTUS IULIUS FRONTINUS AND THE WATER OF ROME", Rom 2018 28.12.2020 The proceedings of the International Symposium of the Frontinus Society in Rome on 10 - 18 November 2018 contain a total of 33 contributions. He was proconsul of Asia in 86. He appears to have … Sextus Julius Frontinusa.d. Sextus Julius Frontinus, (born ad 35—died c. 103), Roman soldier, governor of Britain, and author of De aquis urbis Romae (“Concerning the Waters of the City of Rome”), a history and description of the water supply of Rome, including the laws relating to its use and maintenance and other matters of importance in the history of architecture. Representing the classical image of Rome is Sextus Julius Frontinus, the water commissioner at the end of the first century A.D. ", p. 254, Paper by Rogier van der Wal (Amsterdam) to the 2010 Classical Association Conference, Cardiff, no. In 97 the new emperor Nerva appointed him superintendent of the aqueducts (curator aquarum) in Rome. FRONTINUS, SEXTUS JULIUS (c. A.D. 40–103), Roman soldier and author. He draws on his own experience as a general in Germania under Domitian, but similarities between the anecdotes he records and versions of other Roman authors like Valerius Maximus and Livy suggest that he drew mainly on literary sources. However, Frontinus criticized the practice of mixing supplies from different sources, and one of his first decisions was to separate the waters from each system. Gå till mobilversionen av bokus.com. [129] the consul titus quinctius crispinus, on the advice of the senate, duly put the question to the people, and the people as a body duly voted approval in the forum, before the rostra of the temple of the deified julius, on the 30th day of june. [1] Between that date and being appointed governor of Britain to succeed Quintus Petillius Cerialis a few years later, Frontinus was appointed suffect consul. "[3] He was also a member of the College of Augurs. The following year Frontinus held a second consulship as suffect in February, with Trajan as his colleague, and two years later he was made consul ordinarius with Trajan. He is currently enrolled at Cornerstone Institute studying Theology and majoring in Psychology. They would insert pipes into the channel of the aqueducts to tap the supply. McDermott, "Stemmata quid faciunt? He says that many had been neglected and were not working at their full capacity. Frontinus, Sextus Julius Sources found : Wasserversorgung im antiken Rom, 1982: t.p. However, he is best known to the post-Classical world as an author of technical treatises, especially De aquaeductu, dealing with the aqueducts of Rome. 35–103 CE, was a capable Roman civil officer and military commander. After serving as consul in 72 or 73, he succeeded Cerialis as governor of Britain (73/74–77). Frontinus' books have made him the most famous of the Roman engineers. 4, 39), 75–78-ban Britanniában (Tac. Sextus Julius Frontinus (Gallia Narbonensis, 30 – ?, 103) ókori római író.. Kr. His theological interests encompass comparative religion and … Köp böcker av Frontinus Sextus Julius Frontinus: Strategematicon; The Two Books On the Water Supply of the City of Rome...; The Two Books On The Water Supply Of The City Of Rome... m.fl. Sextus Julius Fronti-nus ... Greeks made seminal contributions in philosophy, science, ... (Frontinus, De aquaeductu … Arte de caballeria, Julius Frontinus (h. 97-141v) [Manuscrito]. It was, he said, essential to keep trees at a distance so that their roots would not damage the structures. The Strategemata is a collection of military stratagems from Greek and Roman history, written down and organized by Sextus Julius Frontinus around the year 90. Biblioteca Nacional de España, Biblioteca Nacional - Madrid: referencedIn: SEXTUS JULIUS FRONTINUS, STRATEGEMATA: nine leaves, in Latin, of an illustrated copy, written and illuminated in Italy in the late 14th cent. Sextus Julius Frontinus (c. 40 – 103 AD) was a prominent Roman civil engineer, author, soldier and senator of the late 1st century AD. Be on the lookout for your Britannica newsletter to get trusted stories delivered right to your inbox. Frontinus seems to have been of patrician descent, and his writings indicate that he had some knowledge of Alexandrian mathematics. Frontinus, Sextus Julius Sextus Julius Frontinus, Roman soldier, governor of Britain, and author of De aquis urbis Romae (“Concerning the Waters of the City of Rome”), a history and description of the water supply of Rome, including the laws relating to its use and … Omissions? Frontinus was a bigwig during the Flavian Dynasty and under the reigns of Nerva and Trajan; he was elected consul three times, and served as provincial governor of Britain from about 74-78. Frontinus ably discharged several important administrative duties for Nerva and Trajan. Historia de los animales, Aristoteles (h. 1-93). Filter Sextus julius frontinus Format. An inscription at Hieropolis in Phrygia, as well as a number of coins of Smyrna, attests that he was proconsul of Asia in AD 86.[2]. In this capacity, he followed another distinguished Roman statesman, Agrippa, the friend, ally and son-in-law of Augustus, who organised in 34 BC a campaign of public repairs and improvements, including renovation of the aqueduct Aqua Marcia and an extension of its pipes to cover more of the city. The descendants of Frontinus", Zeitschrift für Papyrologie und Epigraphik, Models of Various Aqueducts of Ancient Rome, Routes of Various Aqueducts of Ancient Rome, Spanish site dedicated to Roman technology, especially aqueducts and mines, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Frontinus&oldid=972079832, Articles lacking in-text citations from August 2011, Articles with Latin-language sources (la), Wikipedia articles incorporating a citation from the 1911 Encyclopaedia Britannica with Wikisource reference, Wikipedia articles incorporating text from the 1911 Encyclopædia Britannica, Wikipedia articles with BIBSYS identifiers, Wikipedia articles with CANTIC identifiers, Wikipedia articles with CINII identifiers, Wikipedia articles with PLWABN identifiers, Wikipedia articles with SELIBR identifiers, Wikipedia articles with SNAC-ID identifiers, Wikipedia articles with SUDOC identifiers, Wikipedia articles with Trove identifiers, Wikipedia articles with WORLDCATID identifiers, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. In 97, he was appointed curator aquarum (supervisor of the aqueducts) by the emperor Nerva, an office only conferred upon persons of very high standing. This page was last edited on 10 August 2020, at 01:45. Frontinus, Sextus Iulius, ca. Engelsk (7) Latin (5) Tysk (2) Kinesisk (1) Forlag. (water commissioner of the city of Rome from A.D. 97-103) He remained influential under Trajan (ruled 98–117), who appointed him suffect consul (i.e., to complete another’s term as chief magistrate) in 98 and regular consul in 100 (when Trajan was the other consul). Sextus Julius Frontinus. However, he is best known to the post-Classical world as an author of technical treatises, especially De aquaeductu, dealing with the a… He was very concerned by leaks in the system, especially those in the underground conduits, which were difficult to locate and mend, a problem still faced by water engineers today. Frontinus ably discharged several important administrative duties for Nerva and Trajan. The De aquis of Sextus Julius Frontinus is usually interpreted as either an administrative guide for the curator aquarum, or as a work of praise. De aquaeductu (1925), Learn how and when to remove this template message, "Stemmata quid faciunt? [5] Frontinus had at least one daughter, the wife of Quintus Sosius Senecio (cos. 99, II 107) and mother of Sosia Polla.[6]. Let us know if you have suggestions to improve this article (requires login). One example he gives of control of river water during a siege reads: Lucius Metellus, when fighting in Hither Spain, diverted the course of a river and directed it from a higher level against the camp of the enemy, which was located on low ground. Birley notes, "This exceptional honour underlines the high regard in which he [Frontinus] was held, and suggests, further, that Trajan had a debt to repay. It can be demonstrated, however, that Frontinus had another goal in writing. Aristóteles. He was a successful general under Domitian, commanding forces in Roman Britain, and on the Rhine and Danube frontiers. He reviewed the existing law governing the state aqueducts, as well as the need for enforcement of those statutes. He has left us his written personal account of the water system of Rome: De aquae urbis Romae. He was a successful general under Domitian, commanding forces in Roman Britain, and on the Rhine and Danube frontiers. Extracts from a treatise on land surveying ascribed to Frontinus are preserved in B. Campbell (2000). Corrections? He quelled the Silures of Wales, and began to build a road through their territory; his place was taken by Agricola in 78. Praetor of the city in 70 and consul in 73 or 74, 98 and 100, he was, about the year 76, sent to Britain as governor. The present issue contains mainly contributions from the Rome Symposium 2018, which for various reasons could not be included in the main volume entitled "De aquaeductu urbis Romae - Sextus Iulius Frontinus and the Water of Rome", which is published as Supplement Volume 6 of the series of publications of the Frontinus Society. While Frontinus was governor, he subdued the Silures, a tribe in southeast Wales; built a fort for Legio II Augusta in Caerleon; and attacked more tribes, including the Ordovices. [3], Due to a lack of either a titulus honorarius or sepulcralis, there is no outline of Frontinus' life, the names of his parents, or of his wife. Kjøp billige bøker, kontorrekvisita, hobbyartikler og leker innen sextus julius frontinus hos Adlibris / Søk. Sextus Julius Frontinus’s most popular book is The Strategemata. - 103/104 AD): Frontinus was Rome's water commissioner (curator aquarum) at the end of the 1st Century AD under the emperors Nerva and Trajan.Frontinus' books have made him the most famous of the Roman engineers. Those who serve in the infrastructure community are part of a vital profession going back thousands of years. He provides the history, sizes and discharge rates of all of the nine aqueducts of Rome at the time at which he was writing at the turn of the 1st century AD: the Aqua Marcia, Aqua Appia, Aqua Alsietina, Aqua Tepula, Anio Vetus, Anio Novus, Aqua Virgo, Aqua Claudia and Aqua Augusta. Cum ad instruendam rei militaris scientiam unus ex numero studiosorum eius accesserim eique destinato, quantum cura nostra valuit, satisfecisse visus sim, deberi adhuc institutae arbitror operae, ut sollertia ducum facta, quae a Graecis una στρατηγημάτων; appellatione comprehensa sunt, expeditis amplectar commentariis. 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